Apparatus for manufacturing oil-gas



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. H. H. BNGLEMAN.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING OIL GAS.

2. n e h S Q m h S 3 N. A M ...L L G N E H. E u d V0 M 0 N\ APPARATUSPOR MANUFACTURING OIL GAS.

No. 423,516. Patented Mar. 18, 1890.

M WM

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3,

H. H. ENGLEMAN.

APPARATUS POR MANUFACTURING 0I L GAS. No..423,516. Patented Mar'. 18,1890.

N. PETERS, PhoIo-Lmoggzpher. Washington. D4 C.

.l UNITED STATES 'PATENT OFFICE.-

HARRY H. ENGLEMAN, OF DEFIANOE, OHIO.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING OIL-GAS.`

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.`423,516, dated March18, 1890.

Application filed January 14, 1889. Serial No. 296,283. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, HARRY H. ENGLEMAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Deance, in the county of Defiance and State of Ohio, haveinvented certainnew and useful Improvements in an Apparatus forManufacturing Oil-Gas; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, which Will enableothers skilled in the art to Which it appertains to make andV use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, which form part of thisspecification.

My invention relates, to an apparatus for manufacturing aiixed gas frompetroleum-oils, and has for its object the decomposition of thepetroleum-oil Without resid uum, and a proper dilution of the gasevolved with-atmospheric air, whereby the crude petroleum as receivedfrom the earth may be successfully vaporized by a system of destructivedistillation and purification that shall 'result in amaximum product of-gas adaptable for use forl either illuminating or fuel purposes.

A further object is to treat the crude pe- 5' troleum in the successivestages of purifica.

tion, decomposition, vaporization, and admixture with atmospheric air tosupport combustion Within an organized apparatus that shall beinexpensive in construction, convenient of management, and that shallrequire a minimum Vexpense in delivering the gas to the gasholder incondition to be utilized for illuminating or heating purposes.

A further object is to incorporate with the petroleum-oil prior to thelinal stage of decomposition a proper proportion of caustic solution;preferably lime-\vater, to desulphurize the same, and by which means anycarbonicaeid gas that maybe present is deprived of a portion of itsoxygen and converted into carbonic-oxide gas Within a chamber in whichthe oil and solution are raised to a temperature of `212C Fahrenheitprior to being injected into retorts for the conversion of the same, aswell as the paraffine and all tarry matter into a permanent gas.

A further object is to pass the gases and tarry substance and paraneover some form of the chlorides, preferably chloride of sodium, by whichthe tarry and parane products are decomposed, and whereby the gasespassing-into Vthe chamber or retort may be more perfectly disintegratedand vaporized.

A further object is to pass the same gases and residuum over some of themetallic oxides, preferably binoxide of manganese, by which the chlorinegas may be taken out of the gases and oxygen be thrown oft' to mingle'with the gases and aid in the'production of carbonio oxide.

A further object is to incorporate Within vthe' disintegrated oil as itleaves the primary fgwith spiral delectors that shall revolve the@hydrocarbons in passing from the point ofentry to the exit, whereby tocause the entire body of the same to be subjected to the sanne `degreeof heat.

'gfproduct of destructive distillationlto a final @washing andincorporation with atmospheric air prior to being stored for use. j

Ibination of parts hereinafter described, and pointed out in theclaims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinaly vertical View through themixing-chamber, the

retort, and washing-chamber, with a portiono'f Fig. 2 is a j plan Viewof the mixing-chamber and retort,

a steam-boiler shown in elevation.

with the top removed t0 dSilse'the interior, `the Washing-chamberbeing'ajll l. Fig. 3 is alongitudinal sectional View l. on lines Fig. l.Fig. 4;' Iisa de` an injector and the pipes in communication therewith.Fig. 5 is a sectional view of one section of the retort, the front halfthereof being removed to disclose `the interior arrangement of the same.

In describing the construction of my gasgenerating apparatus I willcommence with the feed of the oil and follow the process ofpurification, distillation, and admixture of air in their order. v

A designates an oil-receptacle, and B a re- A further object is tosubject the vaporized The invention consists in the parts and com- IOOceptacle for caustic solution, preferably lime' ous to themixing-chamber, and from which extends a pipe E', leading intomixing-cham ber D and formed into a convoluted coil E as .shown in planView in Fig. 2,'thel pipe at the lower and inner end thereof being bentat a right angle and returned to the pump, by which means thecondensation is returned, or the water of condensation may be allowed torun to waste. This being immaterial, it is deemed unnecessary toillustrate the connec-l tions with the waste-pipe.

l oxide.

F designates the furnace, which may be ofv any preferred construction,for the utilization of heat resulting from either the combustion of thegas resulting from the process herein described or from any preferredfuel.

G designates the retort composed of a series of pipes H, lying inparallel relation and connected by couplings H to establish a connectionthroughout the length thereof, I being pipes connected at the rear endof the furnace to lie in parallel relation above the retort-pipe andseparated therefromby a plate J, interposed between the furnace and saidpipes. Each coupling H is provided with screw-plugs H inserted in theend thereof, by which means the plugin the first pipe H of the retortmay be removed and a quantity of chloride of sodium placed therein,whereby the matter to bevaporized is caused to pass over the same,thereby causing the chlorine gas to incorporate with the vapors andassist in disintegrating the tarry substance. The plug H of the secondpipe of the retort is also unscrewed and some of the metallic oxides(preferably binoxide of manganese) placed therein, whereby when thevapors pass through the same the oxygen of the binoxide yields up aycertain portion of oxygen to mingle with the carbon that may remain,converting the same into carbon di- The outer end of pipe I isbell-shaped to receive an induced current of atmospheric air, and isextended in the direction of the length of the furnace and returned inparallel relation, being coupled to a fan-blower K, from which a pipe Kextends to a nozzle L, inserted into the first pipe H of the retort, aswill be presently explained.

yM designates a pipe extending from the interior of mixing-chamber D tothe nozzle L, inserted into the pipe H of retort G, by which means vthedesulphurized petroleum-oil is conveyed to the retort.

N designates a pipe leading from the upper portion of mixing-chamber Dto nozzle L, by

which any of the more volatile vapors of the petroleum-oils sprayed intothe mixing-cham--v ber may escape and b led to the nozzle L, to

' ber P being perforated to lallow the gas to escape to be thoroughlycleansed by passing through the solution in chamber P.

Q designates a vertical pipe leading from chamber P and extending to aninjector R, from which a pipe R leads to-the gas-receiver. (Not shown.)

S designates a fan-blower connected with injector R by a pipe S', theblowers Kand S` being driven by power generated in the boiler E.

The pipes H of the retort and the vertical pipe Q are each provided withstationary spirals T, by which to cause the iiuid to traverse a tortuouscourse in passing through the retort and vertical pipe, respectively,the object being in the first instance to cause the liuid to' besubjected to the equal temperature surrounding the outer periphery ofthe pipes, as well as to revolve and intermingle the solution,petroleum-oil, and air, while being disintegrated, and in the verticalpipe Qto cause the condensation to return to the chamber P.

U designates a pipe connected with chamber P, designed to Idrain fromlthe surface of the alkaline solution any impurities that may collect,the said pipe, as well as pipe M, being formed with a curved portion toact as a seal.

TOO

In operation oil is permitted to flow from receptacle A through pipe Cto pipe C. The solution is permitted to flow from receptacle B throughpipe C to pipe C, the two iuids meeting and being sprayed upon coil E inchamber D, which has been previously heated to a temperature of 212Fahrenheit by steam from boiler E, whereby a thorough intermixture ofthe hydrocarbon iuid and the caustic solution is effected, and as aresult the oil is desulphurized andthe oil partially disintegrated, whenthe intermingled iuids are passed through pipe M into the nozzle L andinjected-into the Iirstpipe of the retort. The more volatile vaporsarise to pass through pipe N to the nozzle, and a volume of super-Jheated atmospheric air is forced through pipe K into said nozzle,wherein the heated air, the

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volatile vapor, and the liquid petroleum are 'intimately in termingledand injected into the of the chemical action thereof, and passingthrough the second pipe H the binoxide of Vmanganese effects thechemical action of withdrawing one-third of the oxygen from the carbon,thereby .converting any carbon that may remain into carbonic-oXide gas,the fluid being caused to revolve and be broughtin close contact withthe inner surface of the pipes of the retort by reason of the spirals T,and is in this manner fully vaporized, the gas being caused to passt-hrough pipe O into washingchamber P, Where any ammoniathat may be inthe gas is eliminated. From the washer P the thoroughly-purified gasrises through pipe Q to the injector R, and in its tortuons courseanycondensation `may return by way of the spiral to the chamber. The gasin injector R is met by a currentV of atmospheric air supplied throughpipe S by means of blower S, and as thus intermingled is passed to thereceiver to be used as an illuminant or for fuel, the product beingparticularly adaptable for use in the manufacture of steel and glass byreason of the even flow and the intense heat ot the iiame.

whatrclaimis" 1. In an apparatus for the manufacture o gas frompetroleum-oil, the combination, with the mixing-chamber, of a perforatedpipe eX- tending through the top of the same, an oilreservoir and adesulphurizing-solution reser- Avoir, pipes connecting` said reservoirswith' ried into the retort, substantially as shown and described. l

2. In an apparatus for the manufacture of gas from petroleum-oils, thecombination, with a mixing-chamber, of a perforated lpipe extendingthrough the top of the same, a steampipe located in the bottom of thechamber, the oil and caustic-solution reservoir, and pipes connectingsaid reservoir with the perforated pipe, a retort arranged adjacent tothe mixing-chamber, fluid and vapor pipes vconnecting said retort andmixing-chamber, and an air-supply pipe communicating with the retort atthe same point as the fluid and vapor pipes and a blower for forcing theair into the same, as and for the purpose described.

3. A chamber for washing the gas evolved from a retort and provided witha suitable seal and overflow pipe, apipe connecting said washing-chamberand retort, an upwardlyextended pipe having a spiral deflector arrangedtherein, said pipe being connected to one end of the washing-chamber,and an airblower connected to the upper end of the said pipe,substantially as shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I hereby afx mysignature in presence of two witnesses.

HARRY H.k ENGLEMAN.

Witnesses:

REED EHRHART, FRED. W. LE SUEUR,

